Coffee cupping is a sensory evaluation process used by coffee professionals to assess the quality and characteristics of different coffees. It allows for the nuanced exploration of flavors, aromas, and body. In this guide, we will walk you through the essential steps and etiquette for a successful coffee cupping session.
Step 1: Gathering Supplies
Before you begin, gather the necessary equipment:
1. Coffee Samples: Select a variety of coffees for comparison, ensuring they are freshly roasted and ground just before the cupping.
2. Cupping Spoons: These are specially designed to allow for precise tasting.
3. Water: Preferably, use clean, filtered water at a temperature of around 200°F (93°C).
4. Cupping Bowls: These should be standardized, typically holding about 8 ounces of water each.
5. Grinder: Use a burr grinder to achieve a consistent grind size.
6. Scale: Accurate measurements are crucial for the cupping process.
7. Timer: Essential for tracking the steeping time of the coffee.
Step 2: Setting Up
Arrange the cupping area with clean surroundings and good lighting. Lay out your cupping bowls, spoons, grinder, and other supplies. Make sure you have enough space to move around comfortably.
Step 3: Smelling the Dry Grounds
Start by inhaling the dry coffee grounds before adding any water. This initial aroma provides insights into the coffee's fragrance, which can include floral, fruity, nutty, or earthy notes.
Step 4: Adding Hot Water
Add hot water to the coffee grounds. The ideal coffee-to-water ratio is around 1:15. For example, if you're using 8 grams of coffee, use 120 grams of water.
Step 5: Breaking the Crust
After steeping for approximately 4 minutes, break the crust that forms on the surface. Use a spoon to gently push aside the coffee grounds, releasing a burst of aromatic gases.
Step 6: Smelling the Wet Aroma
Lean over the cup, taking in the aroma. This phase reveals deeper, more nuanced scents that may differ from the dry grounds.
Step 7: Evaluating Flavor and Body
After a few more minutes of steeping, start tasting the coffee using a spoon. Take small, controlled sips and consider the flavor profile, acidity, body, and aftertaste. Pay attention to any specific characteristics that stand out.
Step 8: Scoring and Recording
Use a standardized scoring sheet to rate each coffee based on attributes like aroma, flavor, acidity, body, balance, and overall impression. Record your observations for future reference.
Etiquette:
1. Avoid strong scents: Refrain from wearing heavily scented products, as it can interfere with the coffee's aroma.
2. Avoid contaminating flavors: Rinse your spoon between tastings to prevent cross-contamination of flavors.
3. Be respectful: Refrain from making disparaging remarks about any coffee. Everyone's palate is different.
4. Share opinions: Discuss your observations with others, but remember that taste is subjective.
5. Move in the same direction as others to avoid a chaotic cupping.
Conclusion:
A well-executed coffee cupping allows for a detailed assessment of coffee's qualities. By following these steps and practicing proper etiquette, you can refine your palate and gain a deeper appreciation for the world of coffee. Happy cupping!